Skip to main content

Why

Parenting can be demanding, especially for parents of Autistic children who often navigate extra support needs, complex systems and social stigma. These pressures can lead to higher stress and self-criticism, which impacts mental health.


Research shows that improving the self-compassion levels of parents can improve both parent and child well-being. While longer self-compassion programs have been shown to work, less is known about brief, accessible workshops. This study explored how parents experienced a single two-hour online self-compassion session, and whether it offered practical support for their wellbeing and parenting.


Does participating in a self-compassion workshop improve the well-being of parents of Autistic children? Does the well-being of their children improve?

The research

We conducted online workshops on self-compassion for parents of Autistic children. The workshops were facilitated by Associate Professor James Kirby, a Clinical Psychologist and the Co-Director of the Compassionate Mind Research Group at the University of Queensland.

Website image 1

In the workshop, parents learned about compassion and practiced self-compassion exercises, including:

  • calming breathing
  • using a gentle tone of voice
  • directing compassion to self.

We surveyed parents to measure their self-compassion levels, mental health and psychological well-being before and after the workshop. After the workshop, parents were also invited to take part in interviews where they shared what was helpful, what was challenging, and how they used the practices in everyday life.

What we learnt

Parents we interviewed talked about the following four key themes:

Theme 1: Feeling connected and included

high five

Parents said the workshop created a sense that they were “not alone.” Talking with other parents helped them feel understood and supported. Hearing others’ stories gave them hope and admiration for their peers’ resilience.

“You hear about mindfulness and that sort of stuff, but you don’t really think that it would be that productive for you, I suppose. So when you actually sit down and do it as a guided practice, it makes a bit more sense.”

The facilitator’s role was key, guiding parents step by step, showing genuine understanding of autism, and offering a compassionate presence. This made parents feel included and respected.

The facilitator “seemed to understand what some of the symptoms are in public, the meltdowns, and so it felt like we weren’t just talking to someone who didn’t understand autism.”

Theme 2: Beginning to be kinder to themselves

heart icon

Most parents entered the workshop with little knowledge of self-compassion. Many described themselves as highly self-critical, often putting their own needs last, and sometimes feeling judged by others.

Self-compassion is “one of those things that it’s like, you get told, don’t be so hard on yourself and all that, but actually doing it is a whole other thing … I don’t find it helpful when someone goes, well, just stop being so hard on yourself. How to do that?”

“I wouldn’t say that to anyone out, like, outside of my internalness. So I’m just like, why am I doing that to myself?”

Turning compassion inward was difficult for some. A few described “blocks” when trying to be kind to themselves, or that it felt “weird” or uncomfortable. Still, many shared that the workshop made them more open to trying, and for some, it came at “the right time” in their lives.

“There was a block, but immediately it was just like, ‘yep, you can be as loving as you like to other people, but as soon as you try and turn it back on itself, it’s just like, No, I don’t really want to go there.’ It’s kind of what my mind did. And so that’s obviously something to practice.”

Theme 3: Practical tools they could use every day

cog icon

The practices were described as simple yet powerful. Parents especially valued:

  • Breathing exercises for calming down during stressful moments.
  • Tone of voice to soften the way they spoke to themselves.
  • Posture and gentle expression as physical reminders to be kinder.

The tone of voice was like groundbreaking, because I think my tone of voice to myself sometimes is not really always friendly, and so I’ve really been utilising it.”

“In an ideal world, it’d be wonderful if we spare the time and space for a formal meditation, but it almost puts a burden on you to have to do that, like it’s another task. Whereas more ad hoc, just the awareness is helpful.”

For some, these exercises brought up strong emotions, even tears, as they realised how hard they had been on themselves. Others appreciated that the tools didn’t require long meditations; they could be done “anytime, anywhere,” even on busy days.

“I’ll kind of practice them a little bit without realising it. So subconsciously, it’s like, I might be kicking myself, but then it’s like, ‘oh, hang on, no no no. It’s all good.’”

Theme 4: Benefits for children too

hands icon

Parents noticed that being kinder to themselves also helped them in their parenting. They became more patient, calmer in stressful situations, and more mindful of their tone and reactions with their children.

"It’s hard when you’re when you’re the primary caregiver, and you’re like, seeing it and facing it all the time, you can’t help but get frustrated because it’s so, it is a lot like, you know, and but at the same time, I keep saying to myself, he can’t, I know he can’t. This is how his brain works.”

Some parents described the importance of modelling self-kindness, recognising that their children could learn compassion by seeing it practiced at home.

"I try to think things through and be more forgiving of both myself and the kids as well.”

Mental health and well-being findings

We found that two weeks after attending the workshop, parents in the treatment group were able to be more reassuring of themselves, had lower levels of depressive symptoms and higher levels of psychological well-being.

Making a difference

This is the first research study to explore whether or not a self-compassion workshop can improve the well-being of both parents of Autistic children and their children. This study shows that even a brief, online self-compassion workshop can provide meaningful support. Parents valued the connection, began to soften their self-criticism, and found simple tools they could use every day. Importantly, many noticed benefits not just for themselves, but also for their children

Research team

  • Dr Ru Ying Cai, Adjunct Research Fellow at La Trobe University and Research Fellow at Aspect
  • Dr Chris Edwards, Adjunct Research Fellow at Griffith University and Research Fellow at Aspect
  • Dr Abigail Love, Research Fellow at Aspect
  • Dr Vicki Gibbs, Head of Research at Aspect
  • Dr James Kirby, Co-Director of the Compassionate Mind Research Group at University of Queensland
  • Dr Gail Alvares, Senior Researcher at CliniKids

Started

2024

Ends

2025

Funding

Aspect

The Woodend Foundation

Ethics approval

Griffith University Ref No: 2024/101

Related items

Listen